Evaluation of the Craniofacial Morphology of Egyptian Adults Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment

similar, and there was a tendency toward dental protrusion in the Egyptian groups [11]. Hassan evaluated the cephalometric features of a Saudi population living in the western area of Saudi Arabia and revealed distinct cephalometric features in the Saudis [12]. In their studies on Anatolian Turkish adults who are considered part of the Mediterranean population, Basciftci et al. established cephalometric norms for Turkish men and women and studied the sex differences in this population. They found that the Anatolian Turkish have a long lower anterior facial height with retroclined upper incisors and proclined lower incisors [13]. The Moroccan population, which is a North African population, was examined by Ousehal et al. who established cephalometric norms based on Steiner’s analysis, and their results indicated a more retruded mandible and maxilla with large skeletal sagittal discrepancies [14].